People diagnosed with prediabetes can reduce the risk of dying prematurely or developing diabetes-related health issues if they avoid type 2 diabetes for at least four years, according to international research. Impaired glucose tolerance, or prediabetes, means you have high blood sugar and are likely to develop type 2 diabetes without changing your lifestyle. The researchers followed up with 540 people who had been diagnosed with prediabetes and participated in a diabetes prevention study to see how long they were able to ward off the disease, to see how their health fared since the study. The team says the longer the participants delayed diabetes, the better their health was, with participants who delayed diabetes for four or more years less likely to die prematurely or have health problems including heart attacks and strokes.
Journal/conference: PLOS Medicine
Link to research (DOI): 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004419
Organisation/s: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, USA
Funder: This work was supported by from 1986
to 1992 by the World Bank, the Ministry of Public
Health of the People’s Republic of China (to GL),
and Da Qing First Hospital (to JW); from 2004 to
2009 by the US Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC)–WHO Cooperative Agreement
(to GL, grant number: U58/CCU424123–01–02),
China–Japan Friendship Hospital (to GL), and Da
Qing First Hospital (to JW); from 2015 to 2018 by
the US CDC–Chinese Center for Disease Control
and Prevention Cooperative Agreement (to GL,
grant number: 5U19GH000636–05), National
Center for Cardiovascular Diseases & Fuwai
Hospital (to GL), China–Japan Friendship Hospital
(to GL), and Da Qing First Hospital (to JW); and in
2020 by Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,
Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (to YC, grant
number: 2020-I2M-2-006).
Media release
From: PLOS
Delaying diabetes with diet and exercise for 4 years results in better long-term healthMaintaining prediabetic status after diagnosis reduces risk of death decades laterIndividuals diagnosed with prediabetes can reduce their long-term risk of death and diabetes-related health complications if they delay the onset of diabetes for just four years through diet and exercise. Guangwei Li of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital and colleagues report these findings in a new study published July 9th in the open-access journal PLOS Medicine.Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of death and disability, and imposes a significant economic burden on individuals and societies worldwide. Lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and getting more exercise, can delay or reduce the risk of developing diabetes in people diagnosed with impaired glucose tolerance – commonly called prediabetes. However, it is unknown how long a person must delay diabetes to ensure better long-term health.In the new study, researchers looked at health outcomes from 540 prediabetic individuals who participated in the original Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Study, a six-year trial conducted in Da Qing City in China, starting in 1986. Participants belonged to either a control group or one of three lifestyle intervention groups, which involved following a healthy diet, getting more exercise, or both. The trial followed up with participants for more than 30 years.Li’s team determined the long-term risk of death, cardiovascular events – like heart attack, stroke or heart failure – and other diabetes-related complications for trial participants. They found that individuals who remained non-diabetic for at least four years after their initial diagnosis had a significantly lower risk of dying and a significantly lower risk of experiencing a cardiovascular event compared to those who developed diabetes sooner. This protective effect was not observed in individuals who remained non-diabetic for less than the “four-year threshold.”Overall, the analysis suggests that the longer a prediabetic person can delay developing diabetes, the better their long-term health outcomes will be. However, even just a few years of maintaining prediabetic status can yield benefits for years to come.The authors add, “This study suggests that a longer duration of non-diabetes status in those with IGT has beneficial health outcomes and reduces mortality. The implementation of effective interventions targeting those with IGT should be considered as part of preventative management for diabetes and diabetes related vascular complications.”